By the end of this chapter, the reader should be able to:
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Distinguish between SCI presentations that require denervation-specific ES protocols and those that can be managed with standard FES, and explain why mixed presentations are the norm
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Apply the assessment, device selection, and monitoring principles from earlier chapters to a specific SCI patient and describe how the integration works in practice
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Identify the SCI-specific complications that affect ES treatment planning and explain how each should be managed
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Position the denervated muscle ES within the broader SCI rehabilitation toolkit and articulate the long-term health argument for ES beyond functional recovery